Mechanism for making roofing



July 28, 1931. R. T. JOHNSTON v MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING Filed March20, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l Zfhbe? JWZYZ 75 71723270 flr I July 28, 1931.

R. T. JOHNSTON MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING Filed March 20, 1925 4Sheets-Sheet 2 July 28, 1931. R. T. JOHNSTON 1,315,329

MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING FiledMarch 20, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 July28, 1931.

R. T. JOHNSTON MECHANISM FOR MAKING R00 FING Filed March 20, 1923 4Sheets-Sheet 4 (ZZZI WM Patented July 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEROBERT T. JOHNSTON, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY HESNEASSIGNEENTSyTO THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, OF BOSTON, MASSA-CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS mnonamsn roa' MAKING aoormeApplication filed March 20, 1923. Serial No. 628,440.

' of a continuous sheet or web. The waste resulting from cutting out theslots between the tabs and trimming oil the more or less ragged marginsof the sheet consists of completely treated material and isunreclaimable.

According to the present invention the waste is out from the felt beforeit has been treated vwith the saturant, the waste piece of felt beingreturnable to the pulp machine for ref lting. This eifects not only asaving by the eclamation of the felt, but also saves the asphalt andsurfacing material with which the waste portions have hitherto beentreated. This invention,therefore, provides mechanism for cutting out ofthe unsaturated felt slots to divide the tabs in thefinished strips, andat the same time trimming the deckle edges of the sheet properlyrelatedto these slots. It is important that the 'deckle edge be cut at the sametime as the slots in order to cause the slots to properly register withthese edges, since the sheet is relatively soft and cannot be preventedfrom weavin laterally. The sheet is-cut crosswise pre erably at one endof each series, the slots to form individual shingle stri s after thematerialghas been saturated, an if desired, after it is otherwisefinished.

Means is also providedrfor chopping the edge trimmings into shortlengths so that the waste from the slots and the edges is ofsubstantially the same size and may be conveniently handled together.

Means for insuring the removal of the trimmings from the sheet in orderthat they may not be carried into the saturant is also provided.

Further features of the invention relate to details of the cuttingmechanism as will appear from a more complete description of oneembodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings in whichFigure 1 is a side elevation of the mecha- -n1sm.

Figure 2 is a top (plan of the same, certain parts being remove Figure 3is a detail fragmentary elevation of a slot side cutting mechanism. Q

Figure 4 is a section on line. 4='4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a detail fragmentary elevation of a slot end cutting andslot clearing mechanism.

Figure 6 is a section on line 66 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an end-elevation of the slot clearing actuating mechanism.

Figure 8 is a detail side elevation of the same.

Figure 9 is a section similar to the up 1' portion of Figure 4 butthrough the e ge trimming mechanism.

Referring first to'Figures 1 and 2, at 1 is indicated a portion of thesaturatin tank through which the felt passes and w ere it is saturatedwith asphalt or similar material. 2 indicates a pair of supportingbrackets for the mechanism of the present invention which as shown aremade fast to the wall of the tank 1. Seated in a suitable socketadjacent the upper edge of the tank 1 each bracket carries a bearing 3for a roller shaft 4. In horizontal alin'ement with the bearings 3 areguideways 5 in the portions of which adjacent the bearings 3 arepositioned a pair of journal boxes 6 in which is journaled a rollershaft 7. Slidable in the guideways 5 toward and from the boxes fi are apair of journal boxes 8 in which is' 'ournaled a roller shaft 9, whileoutwardly 0 the bearin boxes 8 are other bearing boxes 10 in whic iseccentrically journaled a shaft 11. Between the shaft 11 and the bearingboxes 8 are tioned blocks 12 which by rotation o the shaft 11 are causedto press against or recede Ill" guideways in which are slidably mountedower bearing boxes 21 having journaled therein a roller shaft 22 andupper bearing boxes 23 in which is eccentrically journaled a shaft 24.Between the shaft 24 and the boxes 21 are blocks 25 which are desi ed tobe pressed-downwardly against the oxes 21 or raised therefrom byrotation of the shaft 24. This shaft maybe rovided with a hand wheel 240similar to t e wheel of the shaft ideway is in bearings 31 fixed to theinclined lower faces of the brackets 2 and thence passes upwardlybetween cutting and edge trimming devices carried by the shaft 9 andcooperating members carried by the shaft 7. The sheet then passeslaterally between rollers carried by the shafts 4 and 22 and from thenceintothe saturatingtank. The devices carried by the shafts 9 and 7 aredesigned to slit the sheet material to define the side edges of thecutouts between the tabs of the finished shingle elements and also totrim the deckle edges of the material to form the ends of the shinglestrips to the desired contour. For this purose the shaft 9, as shownmore a'rticularly in F igures 2, 3, and 4 has fixed thereto as by meansof set screws 40, a series of collars 41, each collar having a pair ofperi heral grooves 42 therein, the peripheries 0 these collars togetherforr'ning the surface of a feed roller for the sheet material. Withinthe grooves 42 are desi ed to bev seated blocks 43 each of which 1sprovided with a pin 44 and a laterally extending flange 45, the flange45 forming the lower end of a seat for the reception of a segmentalcutting knife 46 havin a hole 47 fitting over the pin 44. The bloc s 43,together w1th the knives 46,

- fit within the grooves 42 and they may be held in positiontherein bymeans such as set screws'48 which extend through the end walls of thecollars 41 and en age in suitable deressions in the outer aces of theblocks.

he collars 41 intermediate the sides of the sheet material each carryfour cutting elements 46 which are arranged in pairs at diametricallyopposite positions with relation to theshaft 9 so that in operation theyform a series of pairs of s aced slits in the sheet material oppositelyisposed to each other .and at intervals lengthwise of the sheetcorresponding to the widths of the finished shingle strips.

The end collars 41 have the cutting elements positioned differentlytherein, as

'the shaft 22. Each soc shown more clearly in Figure 9. In this case thecutters 46 are fixed in-the inner grooves 42 of each collar, or thosegrooves farthest removed from the edges of the sheet material. In theouter grooves, however, other cutters as- 50 are fixed, these beingcarried by blocks similar to the blocks 43, but positioned angularlyoffset 0 posite the spaces between the cutters 46' an slightlyoverlapping the ends of these cutters, as shown in Figure 9, when viewedin a direction parallel to the axis of cutting the material between theends of the knives 46.' As shown these knives 46 and 50 have serratedcutting edges, this being found desirable in cutting felt. The rollerfixed to the shaft 7, which is shown at 55, is provided with peripheralgrooves 56 positioned opposite the various knives 46 and 50 and which,

as shown, are formed in the peripheries of collars 57 fixed axially ofthe shaft 7 opposite the collars 41. Intermediatespacer collars 58 maybe employed if desired to provide a continuous bearing surface for thesheet material as it passes over these rollers.

The rollers carried by the shafts 4 and 22 are designed to cut the endsof the. slots and to chop the edge trimmings into short lengths so thatthe waste from both the slots and the edges may be of substantially thesame size and be handled conveniently together. The shaft 22 thereforeis provided with a series of collars 60, the peripheral surfaces ofwhich form the feeding surface of the feed roller, and each of thesecollars is provided with sockets 61 (see Figures 5 and 6) in each ofwhich may be made fast a casing 62 as by means of'a set screw 63.- Eachof these casings has fixed therein a chopping knife 64 these knife edgesbeing positioned axially of et' 62 also carries a pair of clampingblocks 66 which are pressed outwardly from the base of the socket memberon either side of the knife 64 by springs 67. The shaft 4 is providedwith a mating series of collars 70, each collar having a plurality ofseats 71 for the reception of easing members 72 which may be fixed inposition by set screws 7 3. Each of these casings earl rles an anvilplate 74 of resilient material such as rubber, having a central slot 75positioned to receive the cutting edge 65 of a knife carried by themating collar 60,the surface of this anvil plate at either side of theslot 75 furnishing bearings for the outer ends of the clamping blocks66. By this means the sheet material is clamped between the bearingblocks and the anvil block so that the knife 66 may cut therethrough andinto the slot 75 while the material is held firmly in osltion. Theknives64 are so related to the mives 46 and 50 that they cut slitsjoining the ends of the opposed pairs of slits intermediate the sideedges of the sheet material and cut from the ends of the inner slits atthe edge of the material entirely across the edge trimmings, crossingtherendsofthe outer slits formed by the knives 50. The sheet material istherefore cut to form slots, each of a length of twice the length of thecut-out portions desired between ad'acent shingle simulating tabs of thefinishe strip, so that it is only necessary to cut the strip crosswiseintermediate the length of the slots to form a pair of oppositely facingshingle strips having tabs of the'desired size The ends of the stripsthus formed are so cutrthat when two strips are positioned in lengthwisealinement their adjacent end tabs are spaced the same as adj acent tabson a single strip.

It is im ortant that the waste material should be c eanly removed fromthe sheet material before it passes to the saturating tank in order thatwaste matter should not be carried therewith'and adhere thereto orotherwise cause an imperfect product to be produced. For this purposemeans have been devised for ejecting the-cutout portions from thematerial. As shown this means comprises ejector elements which may becarried by the roller fixed to the shaft 4. Referring more particularlyto Figures 5 and 6 it will be noted t at each collar is provided with apair of ransverse sockets within which are slidably mounted a pair ofbars 81. \Vhen positioned in the sockets these bars are inclined towardthe casings 74 and at their ends adjacent these casings each of them isprovided with an ejector finger element 82. The opposite end of each bar81 is formed with rack teeth 83 which mesh with gear teeth 84 formed inarock shaft 85. This rock shaft is journaled in the series of collars 70which form one of the feed rollers as above noted, openings 86 beingprovided therethrough parallel with the shaft 4.- for this purpose. Asshown the rock shafts extend beyond one of the end collars .60 of theseries (Figures 7 and 8) and each has fixed thereto an arm 90, One endof each arm 90 is provided with a cam follower roller 91 which isadapted to engage during a portion of the rotation of the shaft 4 on theinnerface of a cam member 93 partially embracing the shaft 22. Thismember may be provided with an ear or extension 94 by which it may befixed to the 1nner,tace of one of the brackets 2, herein shown as theleft hand bracket in Figure 2. The cam face of the member 93 is soshaped'that the arms 90 are rocked to bring their followers 91 towardthe shaft 4 as these rollers approach the mid portion of the cam. Thisaction causes the rock shafts to be rocked in a direction to project theejectorfingers a ainst and-through the cutout portions to.

projecting laterally from the outer face of the collar 60 and similarpins 97 projecting from the arms at the opposite sides of the shaft 85from the rollers9l. The mating cuttin rollers for formin thelongitudinal slits an the gears by whic these rollers are operativelyconnected are preferably of slightly different diameters as shown inFigures 2 and 4 -in order to cause the cutters to cooperate withprogressively changing angular positions with the grooved rollers toequalize wear thereon. As the feeding surfaces of these rollers must bedriven at substantially equal peripheral speeds as indicated by thegearing shown in Figure 2, the difference of diameters will necessarilyresult in 'a difference of angular speed of rotation.- Hence each knifeon the cutter roll will cooperate with a different portion of thecorresponding groove in the mating roller each time it comes around.Thus the wear of the knives on the grooved roller is distributed aroundthe entire periphery of the latter.

The various feed rollers are rotated in unison in proper timed relation,for this purpose a sprocket chain indicated at 100 being shown in Figure1 which engages a sprocket wheel 101 (see Figure 2) fixed to the shaft4; This shaft 4 has fixed thereto a gear 102 meshing with a similar gear103 fixed to the shaft 9. The shaft 9 has fixed thereto a gear 104meshing with a gear 105 fixed to the shaft 7. The shaft 4 also has fixedthereto a gear 106 which meshes with agear 107 on the shaft 22. Bythis'means all the feed rollers are driven in unison at the pro er ratesof speed.

By turning the rock sha ts 11 and 24 thedriving engagement between thevarious rollers may be interrupted so that they may be turned relativelyas may be necessary to cause the cutting devices to operate properlyspaced on the worker to permit the insertion of new cutting elements inplace of those which become worn from use or for permitting the web tobe fed without the cutters being op erative in case it is not desired tocut slots in the work as when threading the material through the machineor when making roll roofing instead of strips, or for other purposes.

Having thus described an embodiment of this invention it should beevident to those a devices from the sheet, a rock shaft foractucomprising two pairs of adjacently disposed feed rollers, one ofsaid two pairshaving segmental cutters for-cutting sheet material fedtherethrough at intervals with spaced pairs'of slits and for trimmingthe side edges thereof, the other pair of rollers having .comprising twopairs of adjacently disposed feed rollers, one of said two pairs havingsegmental cutters for cutting sheet material fed therethrough atintervals with spaced pairs of slits and for trimming the side edgesthereof, the other pair of rollers having axial cutters positioned toout slits joining the ends of said pairs of slits and for cutting theedge trimmings into len hs, ejector fingers carried by one of sai otherpair of rollers, a-shaft journaled in said roller and operativelyrelated to said fingers to project and retract the same by rocking ofsaid shaft, means normally holding said fingers retracted within theperiphery of said roller, and cam means for rockin said shaft as said.roller is rotated to pro ect said fingers from said roller and throughthe cutouts defined by said slits to remove the material cut out fromthe sheet.

3. A mechanism of the class described comprising two pairs of feedrollers, one of each pair having cutting devices and the other formed tocooperate therewith, means to drive said rollers in unison to feed sheetmaterial in sequence between said pairs of rollers, the cutting devicesof oneof said rollers comprising segmental knives arranged in spacedopposed pairs intermediate the width of the sheet, and angularly ofisetpairs adjacent the sides of the sheet, the cutting devices of the otherof said pair of rol ers comprising longitudinally arranged cutterspositioned to join the ends of the cuts formed by said opposed pairs ofcutters and to cut from the cuts of said angularl offset cutters throughthe edges of the s eet to out the edge trimmings into lengths, ejectorfingers positioned in one of said rollers in position to eject materialcut out by said cutting ating said fingers, an arm fixed to said shaft,a spring urging said arm into finger-retracted position, and astationary cam on which said arm impinges during the rotation of saidroller to Project said fingers after the cutting devices have acted.

4. Mechanism for cutting sheet material comprisin a pair of cooperatingfeed rollers, v

a cutting evice carried by one of said rollers intermeshing gears fixedto rotate with said rollers, means for adjusting said rollers relativeto each other and quickl releasable means interposed between saiadjustable means and rollers and actuable to release said rollers forrelative angular adjustment.

- 5. Mechanism for cutting sheet material journal boxes of one of saidrollers being movable toward and from the boxes of the rollers, journalboxes for said rollers, the i other of said rollers, guides for saidmovable boxes, a air of boxes, a shaft eccentrically j ourna-le in saidpair of boxes, and elements bearing on said movable boxes and movingtlliegnt in said guides by the rotation of said 5 a 6. Mechanism forcutting sheet material comprising a pair of cooperating feed rollers,

a cutting device carried by one of said rollers,

intermeshing gears fixed to rotate with said rollers, journal boxes forsaid rollers, the journal boxes of one of said rollers being movabletoward and from the boxes of the other of said rollers, guides for saidmovable boxes, a pair of boxes also movable in said guides, *a shafteccentrica-lly journaled in said air of boxes, elements bearing on saidmova le boxes and moving them in said guides by the rotation of saidshaft, and means for adjusting said pairs of boxes in said guides.

7. In a mechanism of the classdescribed, a cutting roll having segmentalcutting blades therein, and a mating roll of a different diameter havinggrooves to receive said blades in shearing relation in progressivelychanging angular relation.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

ROBERT T. JOHNSTON.

